10.26731/1813-9108.2017.3(55).59-66
The paper presents a brief overview of the existing varieties of amorphous silica, technologies of its production and the main areas of application. The main subject of investigation in this article are industrial varieties of amorphous nanosilica, these materials represent high-margin products, the most popular in modern industry. Nanostructures on the basis of amorphous silicon dioxide are obtained in various ways, ranging from raw dust withdrawn from ore-thermal furnaces for the silicon production, to costly chemical and pyrolytic methods. One of the promising ways to obtain high quality amorphous nanosilica is pre-treatment of dust of ore-thermal furnaces for production of silicon for the purpose of removing the carbon and other impurities. Obtained by this method, the nanomodifier has properties close to those of precipitated and pyrogenic silica and, in addition, has a much lower cost. Nanomodifiers on the basis of amorphous silicon dioxide significantly change the properties of materials in the production of which they are applied. Different varieties of amorphous nanosilicas are applied in the manufacture of concrete in the tire industry, in the chemical industry, have prospects of application in metallurgy and other industries. The production and use of various nanosilica-based additives is one of the promising directions of development of modern science and technology. Analysis of application of amorphous nanosilica conducted in the preparation for this work showed that the use of nanosilica allows significantly improving the properties of many known materials. There is an experience of the successful application of nanomodifiers on the basis of amorphous silicon dioxide in construction, rubber and chemical industry, metallurgy and other industries. Nanosilica is one of the most popular nanomaterial in modern manufacturing and has broad application prospects.
Статья подготовлена при финансовой поддержке Министерства образования и науки РФ с использованием результатов работ, выполненных в ходе проекта 02.G25.31.0174 «Разработка комплексной ресурсосберегающей технологии и организация высокотехнологичного производства наноструктур на основе углерода и диоксида кремния для улучшения свойств строительных и конструкционных материалов» в рамках Программы реализации комплексных проектов по созданию высокотехнологичного производства, утвержденной постановлением Правительства РФ № 218 от 9 апреля 2010 г.
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