Nemikina V. V., Ryabchenok N. L., Alekseeva T. L., Astrakhancev L. A. Analiz nesimmetrii tokov i napryazheniy v obmotkakh statora asinkhronnykh dvigateley privoda vspomogatel'nykh mashin [Analysis of current and voltage unbalance in stator windings of asynchronous motors of the auxiliary machine drive]. Sovremennye tekhnologii. Sistemnyi analiz. Modelirovanie [Modern Technologies. System Analysis. Modeling], 2020, No. 4 (68), pp. 85–92. – DOI: 10.26731/1813-9108.2020.4(68).85-92
10.26731/1813-9108.2020.4(68).85-92
In domestic electric locomotives, a three-phase voltage necessary for the operation of asynchronous motors of auxiliary machines is formed using balancing capacitors and resistors of the phase number conversion system. According to the study performed in the work, the system for converting the number of phases, used in the electric locomotives at the present time, creates an unbalanced voltage and currents in the stator windings of three-phase asynchronous electric motors. The presence of angular and amplitude unbalance of currents and voltages when converting a single-phase voltage into a three-phase one leads to failures of asynchronous motors and unacceptable heating of the windings with increased currents. The unbalance of voltages and currents in the stator windings of an electric motor is studied using the method of symmetric components using direct and negative sequences. For each of the systems of sequences of voltages and currents, the electromagnetic processes in the phases are similar, which makes it possible to use single-line diagrams for each sequence and perform calculations for one phase. The method of symmetric components is implemented using the mathematical program MATLAB in the Simulink environment. The symmetric components are calculated using the complexes of the operating linear voltages at the output of the phase number conversion system. The results of the calculation by this method are the asymmetry coefficients in the forward and reverse sequences, which make it possible to estimate the difference between the actual values of the asymmetry coefficients in the forward and reverse sequence and the maximum values of the asymmetry coefficients that are allowed for the normal operation of electric motors. The operation of the electric drive and calculations were studied at various permissible voltages of the overhead contact system. A favorable mode of operation of an asynchronous electric motor operating with the help of a standard system for converting the number of phases at a nominal voltage at the current collector of an electric locomotive has been determined.
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